!!! Overview
[{$pagename}] ([BER]) are a set of [ASN.1] [x.690] [encoding] rules that define a specific way in which information may be encoded in a binary form.  It is used as the underlying mechanism for encoding [LDAP Message].

See [http://blogs.sun.com/DirectoryManager/entry/a_quick_introduction_to_asn] for a document that provides an introduction to BER encoding.  Also see [http://www.oss.com/asn1/larmouth.html] for a PDF version of the "ASN.1 Complete" book by Professor John Larmouth, which is an excellent reference on ASN.1 and a number of its encoding rules, including BER.


!! [BER] and [LDAP]
The following are the [BER] types in the universal class that you’re likely to encounter in [LDAP]:

%%zebra-table
%%sortable
%%table-filter
||Element Type||[Binary] [Encoding]||[Hex] [Encoding]
|[Boolean]|00000001|0x01
|[Integer]|00000010|0x02
|[Octet String]|00000100|0x04
|[Null]|00000101|0x05
|[Enumerated]|00001010|0x0a
|[Sequence]|00110000|0x30
|[Set]|00110001|0x31
/%
/%
/%

!! ber_peek-tag
ber_peek-tag is a collection of routines provide a subroutine interface to a __simplified implementation__ of the [{$pagename}] of [ASN.1]. The version of BER these routines support is the one defined for the [LDAP] [protocol]. The encoding rules are the same as [BER], except that only definite form lengths are used, and [bitstrings|BitStringMatch] and [OctetStrings] are always [encoded|Encoding] in primitive form.

!! More Information
There might be more information for this subject on one of the following:
[{ReferringPagesPlugin before='*' after='\n' }]
----
* [#1] - [Basic Encoding Rules|Wikipedia:X.690#BER_encoding|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2015-09-18 
* [#2] - [ber_peek_tag function (winber.h)|https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winber/nf-winber-ber_peek_tag|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2020-10-18 
* [#3] - [ber_peek_tag(3)|https://linux.die.net/man/3/ber_peek_tag|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2020-10-18 
* [#4] - [The ASN.1 Basic Encoding Rules|https://ldap.com/ldapv3-wire-protocol-reference-asn1-ber/|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2020-10-18