!!! Overview
[{$pagename}] ([GSM]) is a standard developed by the [European Telecommunications Standards Institute] ([ETSI]) to describe the [protocols] for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by [mobile Devices], first deployed in Finland in July 1991.[2] As of 2014 it has become the default global standard for mobile communications - with over 90% market share, operating in over 219 countries and territories

[{$pagename}] is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communications.

[{$pagename}] uses narrow band [Time Division Multiple Access] ([TDMA]) for providing voice and text based services over mobile phone networks.

!! Details 
The [Mobile Switching Center] (p) is the primary service delivery node for [GSM]/[CDMA], responsible for routing [voice] calls and [SMS] as well as other services (such as conference calls, [FAX] and circuit switched [data]).

The GSM network can be broadly divided into:
* [Mobile Station] 
* [Base Station Subsystem] ([BSS])
* [Network Switching Subsystem] ([NSS])
* [Operation Support Subsystem] ([OSS])

!! Additional components comprise of databases and messaging systems functions:
* [Home Location Register] ([HLR])
* [Visitor Location Register] ([VLR])
* [Equipment Identity Register] ([EIR])
* [Authentication Center] (AuC)
* [SMS Serving Center] (SMS SC)
* [Gateway MSC] (GMSC)
* [Chargeback Center] (CBC)
* [Transcoder and Adaptation Unit] (TRAU)
* [Authentication Center] ([AuC])


!! More Information
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