Overview#
LoRa (from "long range") is a Proprietary Network Protocol Low-Power Wide Area Network.LoRa is based on spread-spectrum modulation techniques derived from chirp spread spectrum
(CSS) technology.[2] It was developed by Cycleo of Grenoble, France and acquired by Semtech, the founding member of the LoRa Alliance; it is patented.
LoRa uses license-free sub-gigahertz Wireless bands:
- EU433 (433.05-434.79 MHz) and EU863-870 ( 863–870/873 MHz ) in Europe
- AU915-928/AS923-1 (915–928 MHz) in Australia
- US902-928 (902–928 MHz) in North America
- IN865-867 (865–867 MHz) in India
- AU915-928/AS923-1 and EU433 Southeast Asia
- 2.4GHz worldwide.
LoRa defines the lower Physical Layer, the upper Network Layers were lacking. LoRaWAN is one of several protocols that have been developed to define the upper layers of the network. LoRaWAN is a cloud-based Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol, but acts mainly as a Network Layer protocol for managing communication between LPWAN Gateways and Node Devices as a routing protocol, maintained by the LoRa Alliance.