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<pre>
!!! Overview[1]
[{$pagename}] ([NGI]) is a project of the [Federal Bureau of Investigation] ([FBI]) to expand the capabilities of the [Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System] ([IAFIS]), which is currently used by law enforcement for [Identification] of subjects by their [fingerprint] and to look up their [Criminal action] history. [{$pagename}] system will be a more modular system (allowing easy expandability). It will also have more advanced lookup capabilities, incorporating palm print, [iris recognition], and [facial recognition]. The [FBI] was the ones to implement the [{$pagename}] system. The [FBI] first used this system in February [2011|Year 2011].

The development of the project is being led by Lockheed Martin who are teamed up with a number of technology companies.

[{$pagename}] offers services that provide a platform for multimodal functionality that will continue to evolve with new technologies and user requirements.

[{$pagename}] includes:[2]
* [Advanced Fingerprint Identification Technology] ([AFIT]) - Apparently an newer version of [Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System] ([IAFIS])
* [Repository for Individuals of Special Concern] ([RISC])
* [Latent and Palm Prints]
* [Rap Back] - allows authorized agencies to receive notification of activity on individuals who hold positions of trust (e.g. school teachers, daycare workers) or who are under criminal justice supervision or investigation, thus eliminating the need for repeated background checks on a person from the same applicant agency.
* [Interstate Photo System] ([IPS]) ([Facial recognition]) 
* Cold Case/Unknown Deceased 
* [Iris|Iris recognition] Pilot - deployed an Iris Pilot (IP) in September [2013|Year 2013] to evaluate technology, address key challenges, and develop a system capable of performing iris image recognition services. 

!! [Privacy] Concerns
Needless to say they are many Legal and [Privacy Considerations] including [Surveillance]

In [2016|Year 2016] the [United States Government Accountability Office] ([GAO]) stated the [FBI] has more than 411.9 [million] [images] as part of its [Facial recognition] [Database] and went on to say:
&quot;''The Department of Justice’s (DOJ) [Federal Bureau of Investigation] ([FBI]) operates the Next Generation Identification-[Interstate Photo System] ([NGI]-[IPS])—a [face recognition|Facial recognition] service that allows law enforcement agencies to search a database of over 30 million photos to support criminal investigations. NGI-IPS users include the FBI and selected state and local [law enforcement|Law Enforcement Agency] agencies, which can submit search requests to help identify an unknown person using, for example, a photo from a surveillance camera. When a state or local agency submits such a photo, NGI-IPS uses an automated process to return a list of 2 to 50 possible candidate photos from the database, depending on the user’s specification....
In addition to the NGI-IPS, the FBI has an internal unit called [Facial Analysis, Comparison, and Evaluation] ([FACE]) Services that provides face recognition capabilities, among other things, to support active [FBI] investigations. [FACE] Services not only has access to NGI-IPS, but can search or request to search [databases] owned by the Departments of [State|United States Department of State] and [Defense|United States Department of Defense] and 16 states, which use their own [face recognition|Facial recognition] systems. [Biometric] analysts manually review photos before returning at most the top 1 or 2 photos as investigative leads to [FBI] agents.
... The FBI has entered into agreements to search and access external databases—including millions of U.S. citizens’ [drivers’ license|Driver License] and [passport] photos—but until FBI officials can assure themselves that the data they receive from external partners are reasonably accurate and reliable, it is unclear whether such agreements are beneficial to the FBI and do not unnecessarily include photos of innocent people as investigative leads.''&quot;

!! Category
%%category [Government Surveillance]%%

!! More Information
There might be more information for this subject on one of the following:
[{ReferringPagesPlugin before='*' after='\n' }]
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* [#1] - [Next_Generation_Identification|Wikipedia:Next_Generation_Identification|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2017-04-06- 
* [#2] - [Next Generation Identification (NGI)|https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/fingerprints-and-other-biometrics/ngi|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2017-04-06- 
* [#3] - [EPIC v. FBI - Next Generation Identification|https://epic.org/foia/fbi/ngi/|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2017-04-06- 
* [#4] - [Next Generation Identification (NGI)|https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/fingerprints-and-other-biometrics/ngi|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2019-09-07 
* [#5] - [Smile, you’re in the FBI face-recognition database|https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2016/06/smile-youre-in-the-fbi-face-recognition-database/|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2019-09-07 </pre>