!!! Overview
[{$pagename}] officially the Republic of [China] (ROC), is a [state] in East [Asia] which neighbors include the People's Republic of [China] (PRC) to the west, [Japan] to the northeast, and the [Philippines] to the south. [{$pagename}] is the most populous state and largest economy that is __NOT__ a member of the United Nations.

The island of [{$pagename}], formerly known as [Formosa], was inhabited by aborigines before the 17th century, when Dutch and Spanish colonies opened the island to mass Han immigration. After a brief rule by the Kingdom of Tungning, the island was annexed in 1683 by the Qing dynasty, the last dynasty of China. 

The Qing ceded [{$pagename}] to [Japan] in [1895|Year 1895] after the Sino-Japanese War. While [{$pagename}] was under Japanese rule, the Republic of [China] (ROC) was established on the mainland in [1912|Year 1912] after the fall of the Qing dynasty. Following the [Japan] surrender from [World War II] to the Allies in [1945|Year 1945], the [China] took control of [{$pagename}]. However, the resumption of the Chinese Civil War led to the ROC's loss of the mainland to the Communists, and the flight of the ROC government to Taiwan in [1949|Year 1949]. Although the [China] continued to claim to be the legitimate government of [China], its effective [jurisdiction] had, since the loss of Hainan in [1950|Year 1950], been limited to [{$pagename}] and several small islands, with the main island making up 99% of its de facto territory. As a founding member of the United Nations, the [China] represented [China] at the UN until [1971|Year 1971], when it lost its seat to the PRC.

!! More Information
There might be more information for this subject on one of the following:
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* [#1] - [Taiwan|Wikipedia:Taiwan|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2018-12-17-