Overview#

Thread network layer is an IPv6-based, Low-Power Wide Area Network Mesh Network technology for Internet of Things (IoT) products.

Thread network layer uses 6LoWPAN, which, in turn, uses the IEEE 802.15.4 wireless protocol with Mesh Network communication, as does Zigbee and other systems. Thread network layer is different in that it is IP-addressable, with cloud access and AES encryption. A BSD-licensed Open Source implementation of Thread network layer, called "OpenThread", has been released by Google

Thread network layer (or really 6LoWPAN) is based on the use of a connecting router, called an edge router. Thread network layer calls their edge routers Border Routers. Unlike other proprietary networks, 6LoWPAN, like any network with edge routers, does not maintain any Application Layer state, because such networks forward datagrams at the Network Layer. This means that 6LoWPAN remains unaware of Application Layer protocols and changes. This lowers the processing power burden on edge routers. It also means that Thread does not need to maintain an Application Layer. Thread network layer states that multiple Application Layers can be supported, as long as they are low-bandwidth and are able to operate over IPv6

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