!!! Overview
[{$pagename}] is a [Communication Layers] and conceptual division of methods in the layered [architecture] of [protocols] in the [network] stack.!! [Internet Protocol Suite] [{$pagename}]
[Internet Protocol Suite] [{$pagename}] performs host-to-host communications on either the same or different hosts and on either the [Local Area Network] or remote networks separated by [routers]. 

[Internet Protocol Suite] [{$pagename}] provides a channel for the communication needs of [applications]. [UDP] is the basic [{$pagename}], providing an unreliable [datagram] service. The [Transmission Control Protocol] provides flow-control, connection establishment, and reliable transmission of [data].

!! [OSI-Model] [{$pagename}]
[{$pagename}] provides the functional and procedural means of transferring variable-length [data] sequences from a source to a destination host via one or more networks, while maintaining the quality of service functions.

An example of a transport-layer protocol in the standard Internet stack is [Transmission Control Protocol] ([TCP]), usually built on top of the [Internet Protocol] ([IP]).

[{$pagename}] controls the reliability of a given link through flow control, segmentation/desegmentation, and error control. Some [protocols] are state- and connection-oriented. This means that the [{$pagename}] can keep track of the segments and re-transmit those that fail. 

[{$pagename}] also provides the acknowledgement of the successful data transmission and sends the next [data] if no errors occurred. 

[{$pagename}] creates packets out of the message received from the [Application Layer]. Packetizing is a process of dividing the long message into smaller messages.

[OSI] defines five classes of connection-mode transport protocols ranging from class 0 (which is also known as TP0 and provides the fewest features) to class 4 (TP4, designed for less reliable networks, similar to the Internet). Class 0 contains no error recovery, and was designed for use on network layers that provide error-free connections. Class 4 is closest to TCP, although TCP contains functions, such as the graceful close, which OSI assigns to the session layer. Also, all OSI TP connection-mode protocol classes provide expedited data and preservation of record boundaries. Detailed characteristics of TP0-4 classes are shown in the following table:!! More Information
There might be more information for this subject on one of the following:
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* [#1] - [OSI_model|Wikipedia:OSI_model|target='_blank'] - based on information obtained 2017-04-01